State financial regulation of social sphere: the role of financial-investment model in addressing poverty and inequality

The issues of poverty and socio-economic inequality remain highly relevant in the context of global challenges, including technological transformations and geopolitical changes, hindering sustainable development of national and global economies. Of particular importance is the role of state financial regulation as a tool for smoothing market failures and ensuring social justice, which is especially relevant in the context of the national goals of Russia, which envisage reducing poverty to 7% by 2030 and the Gini coefficient to 0.37. The purpose of the study is to develop theoretical foundations of state financial regulation based on the financial and investment model of social security. To achieve this goal, the tasks of determining the types of state financial regulation, analyzing the role of the financial and investment model of social security as an operational mechanism for implementing social policy, comparative analysis of poverty and socio-economic inequality, as well as building a theoretical model of the impact of state financial regulation on these phenomena, economic growth, and technological progress have been solved. The research methodology is based on a theoretical analysis, systematization, and a comparative approach to the study of the economic schools concepts. The study results include clarifying the role of the financial and investment model of social security as a key operational tool of state financial regulation in the social sphere, identifying the relationship between overcoming poverty and reducing socio-economic inequality, as well as developing a theoretical model demonstrating the possibility of achieving national goals through a balanced combination of budget expenditures and progressive taxation.

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