emanagE-ManagementE-Management2658-34452686-8407State University of Management10.26425/2658-3445-2024-7-3-4-19emanag-465Research ArticleЭЛЕКТРОННЫЙ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ В ОТРАСЛЯХELECTRONIC MANAGEMENT IN VARIOUS FIELDSОбзор и перспективы развития управления информационными технологиями в сельском хозяйстве Российской Федерации, Китая и БелоруссииReview and prospects of information technologies management in agriculturehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4991-4271МатвейчукН. М.MatsveichukN. M.

Матвейчук Наталья Михайловна - Канд. физ.-мат. наук, зав. каф. автоматизированных систем управления производством,

г. Минск.

Natalja M. Matsveichuk - Cand. Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Head of the Automated Production Management Systems Department,

Minsk.

matsveichuk.asup@bsatu.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9971-6169СотсковЮ. Н.SotskovYu. N.

Сотсков Юрий Назарович - Д-р физ.-мат. наук, гл. науч. сотр.,

г. Минск.

Yuri N. Sotskov - Dr. Sci. (Phys. and Math.), Chief Researcher,

Minsk.

sotskov48@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2478-0307МихайловА. Ю.MikhailovA. Yu.

Михайлов Алексей Юрьевич - Канд. экон. наук, вед. науч. сотр.,

г. Москва.

Alexey Yu. Mikhailov - Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Leading Researcher,

Moscow.

alexeyfa@ya.ruБелорусский государственный аграрный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian State Agrarian Technical UniversityBelarusОбъединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьUnited Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarusИнститут Китая и современной Азии Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20242210202473419Copyright © Матвейчук Н.М., Сотсков Ю.Н., Михайлов А.Ю., 20242024Матвейчук Н.М., Сотсков Ю.Н., Михайлов А.Ю.Matsveichuk N.M., Sotskov Y.N., Mikhailov A.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://e-management.guu.ru/jour/article/view/465

Представлены исследования и обзорные статьи, опубликованные в период с 2014 г. по 2023 г., посвященные использованию облачных технологий и блокчейна для развития интеллектуального сельского хозяйства в Российской Федерации (далее – РФ, Россия), Китае и Белоруссии. Перечислены основные направления цифровизации современного сельского хозяйства. Проведено сравнение технического прогресса сельского хозяйства в РФ и соседних европейских странах (Польше и Латвии). Результаты опроса показывают, что в РФ передовые разработки учитывают почвенно-климатические и агротехнологические особенности территории, развиты поставщики облачных технологий и собственные центры обработки данных. Отмечено, что некоторые практические системы не унифицированы, вычислительные ресурсы географически распределены, а цифровыми платформами в РФ пользуются менее 8–10 % фермерских хозяйств. Описаны перспективные направления исследований современных технологий и их применения в сельском хозяйстве. Настоящее исследование посвящено информационным технологиям, применяемым в интеллектуальном сельском хозяйстве на основе облачных вычислений и блокчейна. Для интеллектуального сельского хозяйства характерны большие объемы данных. Передача и анализ данных в такой информационной системе основаны на облачных технологиях. Процессы агропроизводственного цикла связаны с другими звеньями цепочки создания стоимости в сложных высокоавтоматизированных производственных и логистических цепочках, охватывающих оптовые и розничные торговые компании, логистику, сельскохозяйственных производителей и их поставщиков. Такие цепочки могут снизить себестоимость и розничные цены на продукты питания, а также потребность в производственных и сбытовых мощностях. Цифровизация цепочек поставок и создания стоимости, развитие цифровых платформ, объединяющих участников агроэкосистемы, приводят к использованию блокчейна.

The paper presents research and review articles published between 2014 and 2023 on the use of cloud technologies and blockchain for smart agriculture development in Russia, China and the Republic of Belarus. The main directions of modern agriculture digitalization have been listed. The comparison of technical progress of agriculture in Russia and neighboring European countries (Poland and Latvia) has been carried out. The survey results show that in Russia advanced developments consider soil-climatic and agro-technological peculiarities of the territory, cloud technology providers and own data processing centers are being developed. Some practical systems are not unified, computing resources are geographically distributed, and less than 8–10 % of farms in Russia use digital platforms. Promising research directions of modern technologies and their application in agriculture have been described. The article studies information technologies used in intelligent agriculture based on cloud computing and blockchain. Intelligent agriculture is characterized by large amounts of data. Data transmission and analysis in such information system are based on cloud technologies. Agro-production processes are linked to other parts of the value chain in complex, highly automated production, and logistics chains involving wholesalers, retailers, logistics, agricultural producers, and their suppliers. Such chains can reduce food costs and retail prices, as well as the need for production and distribution capacity. Supply and value chains digitalization and digital platforms development that connect participants in the agroecosystem are driving the use of blockchain.

Cовременное сельское хозяйствоинтеллектуальное земледелиеинформационные технологииоблачные вычисленияблокчейнискусственный интеллектнечеткая логикацифровизацияModern agriculturesmart farminginformation technologycloud computingblockchainartificial intelligencefuzzy logicdigitalizationИсследование первого и второго авторов было профинансировано Белорусским республиканским фондом фундаментальных исследований, грант № Ф23РНФ-017.The research of the first and second authors was funded by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research, grant No. Ф23РНФ-017.ReferencesAn J., Mikhaylov A., Chang T. Relationship between the popularity of a platform and the price of NFT assets. Finance Research Letters. 2024;3(61):105057. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2024.105057An J., Mikhaylov A., Chang T. Relationship between the popularity of a platform and the price of NFT assets. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.